Defending the nation's most important and sensitive airspace resources that are constantly threatened is a sacred and inevitable task, and a major part of this mission is the Air Defense Force. One of the most difficult parts of the threat is cruise missiles. In this research, we have examined the challenges of air defense for the detection of cruise missiles by looking at the stages of the implementation of operational air defense missions (including detection, identification, interception, and ultimately destruction of hostile targets). The study population included documents, documents, and experts in the discovery systems as well as the cruise missile. The statistical population of this study includes all the AJA officials (who are thoroughly familiar with cruise detection and missile systems). According to the classification of the statistical population, the number of this population was calculated by applying a specific coefficient of 260 persons and the sample size was calculated using Cochran's formula 121. The main purpose of this research is to explain the challenges of air defense to discover cruise missiles and to investigate the answer to the question of what are the challenges of air defense to detect cruise missiles? In this study, the results were analyzed and explained by Cronbach's alpha test (0.82). Cruise missiles, like any flying vehicle, can be intercepted by radars, but due to their high-tech capabilities and technology, tracking is a little more difficult.